Not sure if you're within the US but I'd say the answer is no.
But an equally autistic long answer: private companies enforce different rules- having to sign a wellness form/app before clocking in for work, masks required, temperature checks at entrance, etc. And different states have different restrictions- curfews, limited travel, etc. But actual enforcement of these requirements varies wildly and is lax. There may be some people who face (legal) consequences for not following guidelines but it's not common. More common is fault placed on businesses/companies because contact tracing isn't a thing in the US. Businesses who aren't enforcing guidelines get fined, the customers not following guidelines don't.
Technically yeah they should have been tested for work if they were displaying symptoms but not all workplaces really give a shit and trust your word