I always got really lucky with my history teachers being cool and teaching outside the curriculum.
I can tell you: it's simply a case of the teacher giving a shit.
Let's take Hungarian history as an example: usual midwittery in this instance would be "cousinfuckers bad, Turks bad (but arguably not that bad because muh baths), Transylvania good". A midwit teacher would leave it at that and let you cope and seethe about the Habsburgs ruining Hungary or something.
A good teacher would highlight that:
- Ferdinand tried to get Hungarian nobles to pay their taxes (which they were exempt from as per the 1222 Golden Bull and were propping up a traitor who wanted to get the entire Kingdom of Hungary to become an Ottoman vassal - something I assume
@Smashed & Slamed can attest wasn't fun at all).
- Failing that, Ferdinand (and his brother Charles) forced the Austrian nobles and the hundreds of German states in the HRE doing fuck all to pay the Türkenhilfe to keep what remained from Hungary from falling into Turkish hands by constructing forts and manning them with trained mercenaries (because the Hungarian nobles either couldn't levy peasants from lands they no longer occupied or were opportunistic fucks who deliberately tried to keep the pressure on the Habsburgs)
- Transylvania tried several times to make contact with the Habsburgs to get the Ottoman Empire to back off (which either lead to the Prince of Transylvania being deposed or abdicating and leaving the country to be ruled by a general who knows fuck all about administration like Giorgio Basta)
- Most spats between Hungary and the Habsburgs were not aimed at gaining sovereignty (the hajdú revolt was about Catholic-Calvinist fuckery, Rákóczi petinioned the Ottoman sultan to have Hungary become a vassal of theirs, 1848 was about the constitutional crisis that Kossuth spiralled into a YOLO attempt at independence knowing fully well that the prospect of tearing the Habsburg Empire apart and leaving a power vaccuum for Russia to fill would not be in any of the great powers' interests)
- The uptick in anti-Habsburg sentiment was a side-effect of communists trying to repaint the complicated history of feudal society into a simple oppressed (in this case, Hungarians - very ironic) and oppressor (Habsburgs) dynamic
History is all about interests. Was it in the Habsburgs' interests to have an entire 300 thousand square kilometer double decker Royale with Croatia eaten up by the Turks? Fuck no. It was prime real estate in every metric, which is why they kept clinging on to it even though the Hungarian nobility were being pricks. Was it in the Hungarian nobility's interest to leave the kingdom defenseless enough to squeeze additional privileges out from the king in exchange for a token number of troops? Oh yes.
The official curriculum includes simple dates (like the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699), improtant figures (Ferdinand, Gábor Bethlen, etc.) and a map where you can pinpoint the literal fucking capitals of Hungary, Serbia and Austria. But half of my own teachers (and glad to say, my own self) were autistic enough that they didn't let the vagueness of the curriculum stop them from dropping truth nukes.
The nukes are in pipe bomb form and the mail delivery service is the students' own train of thought in this instance, because methodology is all about manipulating kids into thinking they arrived at the conclusion by themselves. Seeing them feel the gains of their brain-muscle is rewarding too.