Is a fucking scam and I hate people that parrot this nonsense.
The "Golden Age" was actually a continuation of Late Antiquity. Historians like Robert G. Hoyland and A.S. Tritton have noted that the scientific and administrative infrastructure was largely maintained by the conquered peoples, specifically the Byzantine Greeks, Coptic Egyptians, and Sassanid Persians. It was not invented, maintained, or supported by Islamic theology or conquerors. Much of the "Islamic" progress in medicine and philosophy was the work of Nestorian Christians and Jews who translated Greek texts into Syriac and then Arabic. The Caliphates inherited a fully functioning Byzantine administrative system. The "progress" was simply the byproduct of an empire sitting atop the world's most sophisticated existing civilizations. The Byzantines preserved the original Greek texts that the Islamic world eventually "discovered." Some historians, most notably Henri Pirenne in his "Pirenne Thesis," argued that the Islamic conquests actually shattered the economic and cultural unity of the Mediterranean, plunging Western Europe into the Dark Ages and forcing the Byzantines into a perpetual "siege mentality" that diverted resources from science to survival. Following this method of thinking, Islam is directly responsible for the Dark Ages instead of the more widely believed collapse of the Roman Empire.