GPUs & CPUs & Enthusiast hardware: Questions, Discussion and fanboy slap-fights - Nvidia & AMD & Intel - Separe but Equal. Intel rides in the back of the bus.

What budget do you have? What's your ideal spending target and what's your absolute limit?

If it's under $1200 then your options are going to be DDR4 with an AMD or Intel GPU. If it's $3000, then it's going to be DDR5 with an Nvidia GPU.
 
Probably need to be more specific about what type of work you do. Unfortunately sounds like you are going to need a good chunk of RAM for your job which really sucks for you currently because of how expensive it is, but depending on what you do will really determine how much you’ll need to spend.
about right yeah, my brother recently asked me about a PC build for civil 3D and.... it needs 32GB of ram (:_(
and most prices here are insanely expensive, doing a raw conversion it's 2000$ for 16GB without a gpu, i was thinking on telling him to buy a i7-12700F dell and be done with it but he would have zero possibility of upgwading in case a update uppens the system requirements.
 
about right yeah, my brother recently asked me about a PC build for civil 3D and.... it needs 32GB of ram (:_(
and most prices here are insanely expensive, doing a raw conversion it's 2000$ for 16GB without a gpu, i was thinking on telling him to buy a i7-12700F dell and be done with it but he would have zero possibility of upgwading in case a update uppens the system requirements.
On Linux, there’s a thing called a swap partition; it’s a small portion of the harddrive that’s been set aside for the system to use in a way like RAM. The mechanics of this involve writing memory pages to the swap partition as they go out of immediate use and reading them back once they’re called for by applications. This obviously involves a pretty significant speed penalty, but it is a way to essentially expand the memory limits of your computer. Some modern distros support using a swap file, rather than a partition, which can grow and shrink as needed by the system.
I don’t know what the Windows equivalent to this would be called or how you would configure it, but I believe it does have something like swap. It may be a strategy to get a smaller amount of DDR5 (8/16gb) and just expand the shit out of your swap space to compensate. You wouldn’t want to play games like this, but ime work software generally needs RAM size far more than RAM speed. Obviously, it would be better to do this if you have an NVMe drive.
 
don’t know what the Windows equivalent to this would be called or how you would configure it, but I believe it does have something like swap. It may be a strategy to get a smaller amount of DDR5 (8/16gb) and just expand the shit out of your swap space to compensate. You wouldn’t want to play games like this, but ime work software generally needs RAM size far more than RAM speed. Obviously, it would be better to do this if you have an NVMe drive
Should be ReadyBoost, just stick a usb 3.0 or higher drive and in the preferences go to the ReadyBoost tab. Though knowing Microjeet it might be broken now
 
Should be ReadyBoost, just stick a usb 3.0 or higher drive and in the preferences go to the ReadyBoost tab. Though knowing Microjeet it might be broken now
Looking around a bit, that appears to be something else. The closest thing to what I’m talking about seems to be called the Pagefile. I found this guide from Tom’s Hardware about how to expand it.
 
I don’t know what the Windows equivalent to this would be called or how you would configure it, but I believe it does have something like swap.
Windows uses a pagefile that is active by default. It resides on the system partition and is usually the first thing I deactivate after a fresh install.
 
All modern Linux distros support using a swap file. Mostly you’d only bother if you need to hibernate the computer (ie on a laptop), since Linux isn’t nearly as memory hungry as Windows. Additionally Linux supports something called zram, which means compressing the least used data in ram. This is much faster than using a swap file, and will often let you double the effective memory available on computer. Windows has counterparts to both these features, called a page file and compressed memory respectively, but I think Linux’s zram is more effective since it uses lz4 rather than zle.
 
I always make swap at least half ram. It doesn't get used much but it does get used and it's better the system can use the RAM as buffers if it's not important stuff.
Kod:
               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           124Gi        46Gi        12Gi       391Mi        66Gi        78Gi
Swap:           59Gi        21Gi        38Gi
 
Windows uses a pagefile that is active by default. It resides on the system partition and is usually the first thing I deactivate after a fresh install.
A sensible choice when RAM was cheap and plentiful.
I always make swap at least half ram. It doesn't get used much but it does get used and it's better the system can use the RAM as buffers if it's not important stuff.
Kod:
               total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           124Gi        46Gi        12Gi       391Mi        66Gi        78Gi
Swap:           59Gi        21Gi        38Gi
Being a terminal laptop and ewaste enjoyer, I’m always astounded at the amount of memory some people have in their systems. I don’t think I’ve ever owned a computer with more than 16 gbs of RAM. What do you use it for? Running 5 AAA games at once? A council of LLMs to argue with each other and advise you? Opening 12 tabs in Chrome? Incredible.
 
A sensible choice when RAM was cheap and plentiful.

Being a terminal laptop and ewaste enjoyer, I’m always astounded at the amount of memory some people have in their systems. I don’t think I’ve ever owned a computer with more than 16 gbs of RAM. What do you use it for? Running 5 AAA games at once? A council of LLMs to argue with each other and advise you? Opening 12 tabs in Chrome? Incredible.
13 tabs in Brave.
There's actually a LLM loaded but the main reason is for work each customer gets their VPN run in a VM. And each VM is usually Windows. And right now I'm at 3 parallel customers so 3 bloated Windows VMs running all the time. My laptop only has 40GB so when I'm mobile it's a bit constrained.
 
Being a terminal laptop and ewaste enjoyer, I’m always astounded at the amount of memory some people have in their systems. I don’t think I’ve ever owned a computer with more than 16 gbs of RAM. What do you use it for? Running 5 AAA games at once? A council of LLMs to argue with each other and advise you? Opening 12 tabs in Chrome? Incredible.
When DDR4 was obtainable for maybe $1.50-$2.00/GB (or less if used/open box, picked up 4x16GB for ~$70), it was trivial to have 32-128 GB.

Applications will generally attempt to use more memory if more is installed. But another big thing is that capacity that isn't being actively used can be filled with cached data. So I have about ~18 GB used and ~29 GB cached, with ~17 GB free. 54 browser tabs open. And that's a good thing.

If you have more RAM than you need, you aren't touching swap/page file (or at least not frequently), and that's going to be better for the longevity of the drive.

It could take 2-5 years, but we'll see that kind of pricing again, and hopefully below $1/GB later in the 2030s. And when memory is cheap, you should buy it up. Even for e-waste. Quad-core with 64 GB? Just do it.

There's a lot of laptops with only soldered memory, but I made a point to buy a cheap Lenovo with a modern chip (i3-1315U), 8 GB soldered RAM, and an empty DDR4 slot. I upgraded it to 16 GB, it can go to 24 GB officially, and likely 40 GB with no trouble.

After we move past LPDDR5X/DDR5 in laptops, memory upgradability could be questionable. SODIMM is dead after DDR5 according to JEDEC. The new CAMM form factor could be used for DDR6 (or LPDDR6, but they are not interchangeable in the same system). But time will tell if CAMM remains a niche or becomes widespread enough to be found in the laptops you want to purchase, and obtainable at reasonable prices. Laptop makers could trend more towards soldered memory. It will become a concern before consumer DDR6 is available, since LPDDR6 is technically unrelated, already coming to laptops in 2027, and will offer much higher bandwidth than DDR5 SODIMM.
 
When DDR4 was obtainable for maybe $1.50-$2.00/GB (or less if used/open box, picked up 4x16GB for ~$70), it was trivial to have 32-128 GB.

Applications will generally attempt to use more memory if more is installed. But another big thing is that capacity that isn't being actively used can be filled with cached data. So I have about ~18 GB used and ~29 GB cached, with ~17 GB free. 54 browser tabs open. And that's a good thing.

If you have more RAM than you need, you aren't touching swap/page file (or at least not frequently), and that's going to be better for the longevity of the drive.

It could take 2-5 years, but we'll see that kind of pricing again, and hopefully below $1/GB later in the 2030s. And when memory is cheap, you should buy it up. Even for e-waste. Quad-core with 64 GB? Just do it.

There's a lot of laptops with only soldered memory, but I made a point to buy a cheap Lenovo with a modern chip (i3-1315U), 8 GB soldered RAM, and an empty DDR4 slot. I upgraded it to 16 GB, it can go to 24 GB officially, and likely 40 GB with no trouble.

After we move past LPDDR5X/DDR5 in laptops, memory upgradability could be questionable. SODIMM is dead after DDR5 according to JEDEC. The new CAMM form factor could be used for DDR6 (or LPDDR6, but they are not interchangeable in the same system). But time will tell if CAMM remains a niche or becomes widespread enough to be found in the laptops you want to purchase, and obtainable at reasonable prices. Laptop makers could trend more towards soldered memory. It will become a concern before consumer DDR6 is available, since LPDDR6 is technically unrelated, already coming to laptops in 2027, and will offer much higher bandwidth than DDR5 SODIMM.
I wonder if this is actually why ram is so expensive now. We're about to get a new set and there's market speculation about the old rams' continued supply. AI companies clearly aren't the reason as the ram is still for sale on most sites. It's not scalpers either as its on Amazons main sellers, not some retard on Ebay. Plus AI companies want HBMRam, not DDR Ram, so it makes 0 sense why they'd be responsible. So I bet it's actually about wonders of the supply of old ram continuing to be made, rather than what everyone else has been yapping about.
 
I wonder if this is actually why ram is so expensive now. We're about to get a new set and there's market speculation about the old rams' continued supply. AI companies clearly aren't the reason as the ram is still for sale on most sites. It's not scalpers either as its on Amazons main sellers, not some retard on Ebay. Plus AI companies want HBMRam, not DDR Ram, so it makes 0 sense why they'd be responsible. So I bet it's actually about wonders of the supply of old ram continuing to be made, rather than what everyone else has been yapping about.
MLID: Sam Altman’s Dirty DRAM Deal (archive) (ghost) (mega) (wayback)

It was definitely AI companies. There may be some panic buying involved, but the current situation is mostly related to supply being shifted from DDR5 DRAM production to HBM (High Bandwidth Memory). GDDR7 and LPDDR5X are also used in some AI-oriented products, further squeezing out consumer products such as phones and graphics cards.

DDR4 production mostly ended, or was supposed to, before this happened, which is another issue.
 
Does anyone have any good tips on managing coil whine, i've got a RX 6750 XT and the coil whine can get really bad sometimes.
When I was troubleshooting my 5090, I tried undervolting as part of that whole rigamarole. Besides sometimes fixing my problem, it also did a good job at tamping down that classic ASUS coil whine. The go-to software for that is MSI Afterburner, which I haven't used with an AMD card. I think Adrenalin can do that same kinda stuff. Not sure how positively RX 6000s respond to undervolting, but it couldn't hurt to try.
 
Being a terminal laptop and ewaste enjoyer, I’m always astounded at the amount of memory some people have in their systems. I don’t think I’ve ever owned a computer with more than 16 gbs of RAM. What do you use it for? Running 5 AAA games at once? A council of LLMs to argue with each other and advise you? Opening 12 tabs in Chrome? Incredible.
Just today, I have upgraded an old system that wasn't properly usable anymore due to lack of RAM (it had 4 GiB) to 16. DDR3-2400 I got for €40, plus an SSD for €10.
Computer is now usable for Win 10 IoT (5 years support left), runs like a charm. Fits my GTX 1070, so games can be played, too.
That system runs DOS as well, so it can be used as a proper retro-gaming PC.
 
Being a terminal laptop and ewaste enjoyer, I’m always astounded at the amount of memory some people have in their systems. I don’t think I’ve ever owned a computer with more than 16 gbs of RAM. What do you use it for? Running 5 AAA games at once? A council of LLMs to argue with each other and advise you? Opening 12 tabs in Chrome? Incredible.
I have 64GB of RAM because anything I don't need can be used to cache file access, and when I bought the 64 GB kit it was around $200.

This isn't the days of DOS where adding more RAM than you needed would get you nothing, you can almost always improve your system performance by adding more RAM. When RAM was at decade-long lows last year it made sense to stock up.
 
What tools do you guys use for deep cleaning a pc? So far, I have this list:

- Vacuum (XPOWER A-2Pro vacuum)
- 99% isopropyl alcohol (for GPU)
- Honeywell PTM7950 (for GPU)
- Thermal Grizzly Graphene Pads (for CPU)
- velcro (for wire management)

So far I'm thinking, what else is needed for a deep clean? And for the GPU memory thermal pads, which ones would you guys suggest?
 
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